蚕豆营养粉作为组合主食的营养价值及其应用性研究探讨

介绍了组合主食的含义以及重要性，以蚕豆营养粉为例阐述了组合主食的方法，以及蚕豆营养粉主要的营养价值：蚕豆营养粉相比较不同单一的面粉不但营养有所提高，而且在主食加工制作方面也不受影响，加工的馒头、面条更具特色。并进一步探讨了蚕豆营养粉作为组合主食的应用价值及其前景。     

小豆套管杂交技术研究

杂交育种是通过品种间有性杂交创造新变异而选育品种的方法,是目前国内外应用最主要最普遍的手段之一。本文主要介绍了应用套管杂交技术进行小豆杂交育种的方法,通过该技术的实施,杂交成功率可达50%～70%。     

Adapting to climate change: Agricultural system and household impacts in East Africa

The East African region exhibits considerable climatic and topographic variability. Much spatial and temporal variation in the response of different crops to climate change can thus be anticipated. In previous work we showed that a large part of this variation can be explained in terms of temperature and, to a lesser extent, water effects. Here, we summarise simulated yield response in two crops that are widely grown in the region, maize and beans, and investigate how the impacts of climate change might be addressed at two levels: the agricultural system and the household. Regionally, there are substantial between-country and within-system differences in maize and bean production responses projected to 2050. The arid-semiarid mixed crop-livestock systems are projected to see reductions in maize and bean production throughout most of the region to 2050. Yields of these crops in the tropical highland mixed systems are projected to increase, sometimes substantially. The humid-subhumid mixed systems show more varied yield responses through time and across space. Some within-country shifts in cropping away from the arid-semiarid systems to cooler, higher-elevation locations may be possible, but increased regional trade should be able to overcome the country-level production deficits in maize and beans caused by climate change to 2050, all other things being equal. For some places in the tropical highlands, maize and bean yield increases could have beneficial effects on household food security and income levels. In the other mixed systems, moderate yield losses can be expected to be offset by crop breeding and agronomic approaches in the coming decades, while more severe yield losses may necessitate changes in crop types, movement to more livestock-orientated production, or abandonment of cropping altogether. These production responses are indicative only, and their effects will be under-estimated because the methods used here have not accounted for increasing weather variability in the future or changes in the distribution and impacts of biotic and other abiotic stresses. These system-level shifts will take place in a context characterised by high population growth rates; the demand for food is projected to nearly triple by the middle of this century. Systems will have to intensify substantially in response, particularly in the better-endowed mixed systems in the region. For the more marginal areas, the variability in yield response, and the variability in households’ ability to adapt, suggest that, even given the limitations of this analysis, adaptation options need to be assessed at the level of the household and the local community, if research for development is to meet its poverty alleviation and food security targets in the face of global change.     

风力车载豆壳回收器的研制与应用

介绍目前现有2种豆壳收集器的使用情况．针对它们存在的问题加以改进，设计了风力车载豆壳回收器。说明该豆壳回收器的设计方案及改装中应注意的技术要点，指出其应用于实际生产中的优点以及操作时的注意事项。     

西南丘陵旱地农作制现状及旱地新3熟"麦/玉/豆"发展优势分析

在分析西南丘陵旱地农作制度面临的主要问题的基础上,提出了该区现代农作制度的发展趋势,并对旱地新3熟“麦/玉/豆”的发展优势与前景进行了分析。     

晋北地区春播红小豆丰产栽培技术

播期、种植密度与施肥量是影响红小豆产量的主要栽培因子,通过近年来的示范推广,摸索总结出一套适宜晋北地区红小豆创高产的丰产栽培技术,即"一优四适,一保五早"丰产栽培技术措施。"一优"即选用优良品种。"四适"即适期播种,适度密植,配合氮、磷、钾、有机肥适当增施钼肥、菌肥,适宜条件精量点播;"一保"即保全苗,使苗全、苗齐、苗匀、苗壮;"五早"即早间苗、早追促苗肥、早中耕、早管理、早防治病虫草害。     

青海蚕豆增施钾肥试验研究

在互助县台子乡进行旱地种植蚕豆增施钾肥试验研究,为山旱地蚕豆高产施肥提供依据。结果表明:在施N、P肥基础上增施钾肥,能够提高蚕豆株高、分枝数、单株荚数、百粒重等农艺性状,蚕豆产量达到3017-4212kg·hm-2,增产13.8%-39.6%,新增收益1251-3402元·hm-2,产投比达到2.2-6.0∶1。钾肥对产量的效应符合"抛物线"肥料效应方程y=-0.075x2+19.187x+2936.9,(y=产量,x=施K2O量)。该试验条件下,K2O的最高产量施肥量为127kg·hm-2,蚕豆最高产量可达4164kg·hm-2;考虑肥料成本和蚕豆价格,蚕豆的最大利润施钾量为K2O 113.7kg·hm-2。     

菜豆新品种连农无筋2号的选育

连农无筋2号利用杂交育种，后代经过系统选育而成。它涉及4个亲本：82-3长菜豆、85-1、Cornell49-242、87B。植株蔓生 ，商品荚绿色，扁形，荚长22 cm，荚宽1.5~2.0 cm，荚厚1.2~1.7 cm，荚形指数1.36，单荚质量23.0 g左右。抗锈病，中抗炭疽病 。春、秋露地栽培每667 m²产量分别为3 076、2 243 kg，春季大棚栽培平均每667 m²产量2 500 kg左右，冬季温室栽培平均产量3 200 kg，适合北方地区春秋大棚、春秋露地及冬季温室栽培。     

蓖麻枯萎病药剂防治的初步研究

通过对高感枯萎病的蓖麻种子进行药剂包衣处理,在多年连作的蓖麻病圃播种,调查分析其病害发生情况,初步探索蓖麻枯萎病的防治技术。     

Response of Lima Bean to Inorganic Nitrogen and Broiler Manure Sources and Rates

Abstract

Applying animal manure to crops is a good disposal practice that also recycles nutrients. A 2‐year study was conducted involving lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) and two N sources, ammonium nitrate (AN, 340 g N kg^?1), and broiler chicken manure (BM, 10 g N kg^?1). The sources were tested at five N rates (0, 67, 135, 202, and 269 kg N ha^?1) in a split‐plot design with N source as the main plot and N rate as the subplot. Treatments were replicated three times in 2000 and four times in 2001. Leaf tissue (early flowering stage) was analyzed for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). Although most nutrients were within or above the sufficiency range, K and Cu limited crop production for all treatments. There was no difference between N sources for fresh pod yields. The highest fresh pod yield occurred at 213 kg N ha^?1, but the critical point was obtained with 100 kg N ha^?1, a rate agreeing with current University of Florida recommendations.